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31 senseless, covenant-breakers,[a] heartless, ruthless. 32 Although they fully know[b] God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die,[c] they not only do them but also approve of those who practice them.[d]

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 1:31 tn Or “promise-breakers.”
  2. Romans 1:32 tn Grk “who, knowing…, not only do them but also approve…” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
  3. Romans 1:32 tn Grk “are worthy of death.”
  4. Romans 1:32 sn “Vice lists” like vv. 28-32 can be found elsewhere in the NT in Matt 15:19; Gal 5:19-21; 1 Tim 1:9-10; and 1 Pet 4:3. An example from the intertestamental period can be found in Wis 14:25-26.